On
This Date In 1645
The Battle of Jankau, one of the bloodiest of the Thirty Years' War,
was fought in southern Bohemia, some 50 km southeast of Prague,
between the army of Sweden and that of the Holy Roman Empire. The
battle proved a decisive Swedish victory, which was largely due to
the personal command skills of General Lennart Torstensson, and the
tactical skill and maneuverability of the Swedish artillery.
On
This Date In 1781
Pyle's Massacre was fought during the American Revolutionary War in
Orange County, North Carolina (present-day Alamance County, North
Carolina), between Patriot and Loyalist North Carolina militia
troops. Patriot militia leader Colonel Henry Lee deceived Loyalist
militia under John Pyle that he was British commander Banastre
Tarleton sent to meet them. Lee's men then opened fire, surprising
and scattering Pyle's force.
On
This Date In 1786
Wilhelm Karl Grimm, the younger of the two Brothers Grimm, was born
in Hanau, Germany. As young men, the two brothers assisted friends in
compiling an important collection of folk lyrics. One of the authors,
impressed by the brothers' work, suggested they publish some of the
oral folktales they'd collected. The collection appeared as
Children's
and Household Tales,
later known as Grimm's
Fairy Tales,
in several volumes between 1812 and 1822.
On
This Date In 1803
The Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice John Marshall, decided the
landmark case of William
Marbury versus James Madison, Secretary of State of the United
States,
and confirmed the legal principle of judicial review - the ability of
the Supreme Court to limit Congressional power by declaring
legislation unconstitutional - in the new nation.
On
This Date In 1836
In San Antonio, Texas, Colonel William Travis issued a call for help
on behalf of the Texan troops defending the Alamo, an old Spanish
mission and fortress under attack by the Mexican army.
On
This Date In 1840
Former President John Quincy Adams began to argue the Amistad
case in front of the U.S. Supreme Court. In 1839, a Spanish slave
ship named La
Amistad appeared
off the coast of New York. The “slaves” aboard it, who were free
Africans kidnapped in Africa and originally bound for sale in Cuba,
had rebelled, killing the Spanish ship's captain and cook. The
African mutineers then promised to spare the lives of the ship's crew
and their captors if they took them back to Africa. The crew agreed,
but then duped the slaves by sailing up the coast to New York, where
they were taken into custody by the U.S. Navy. A complicated series
of trials ensued regarding the ownership and outcome of the ship and
its human cargo. Adams' skillful arguments convinced the court to
rule in favor of returning the Africans to their native country.
On
This Date In 1863
Arizona, formerly part of the Territory of New Mexico, was organized
as a separate territory. The U.S. acquired the region under the terms
of the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and the 1853 Gadsden
Purchase. Arizona became the 48th state in 1912.
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/feb24.html
On
This Date In 1865
John Yates Beall (January 1, 1835 – February 24, 1865), a
Confederate privateer in the American Civil War who was arrested as a
spy in New York, was executed at Fort Columbus, Governors Island, New
York.
http://wileygenealogy.com/~usbios/bios/wv/jefferson/johnyatesbeall.txt
On
This Date In 1868
Andrew Johnson, 17th President of the United States, was impeached in
the U.S. House of Representatives on eleven articles of impeachment
detailing his “high crimes and misdemeanors”, in accordance with
Article Two of the United States Constitution. As one of the most
dramatic events in the political life of the United States during
Reconstruction, this was the first impeachment in history of a
sitting United States president.
On
This Date In 1875
The SS
Gothenburg,
a steamship that operated along the British and then later the
Australian and New Zealand coastlines, encountered a cyclone-strength
storm off the north Queensland coast. The ship was wrecked on the
Great Barrier Reef north-west of Holbourne Island, Australia.
Survivors in one of the lifeboats were rescued two days later by the
Leichhardt,
while the occupants of two other lifeboats that managed to reach
Holbourne Island were rescued several days later. Twenty two men
survived, while between 98 and 112 others died, including a number of
high profile civil servants and dignitaries.
On
This Date In 1917
During World War I, British authorities gave Walter H. Page, the U.S.
ambassador to Britain, a copy of the “Zimmermann Note,” a coded
message from Arthur Zimmermann, the German foreign secretary, to
Count Johann von Bernstorff, the German ambassador to Mexico. In the
telegram, intercepted and deciphered by British intelligence in late
January, Zimmermann stated that in the event of war with the United
States, Mexico should be asked to enter the conflict as a German
ally. In return, Germany promised to restore to Mexico the lost
territories of Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. After receiving the
telegram, Page promptly sent a copy to U.S. President Woodrow Wilson,
who in early March allowed the U.S. State Department to publish the
note. The press initially treated the telegram as a hoax, but Arthur
Zimmermann himself confirmed its authenticity. The Zimmermann Note
helped turn U.S. public opinion, already severely strained by
repeated German attacks on U.S. ships, firmly against Germany. On
April 2, President Wilson, who had initially sought a peaceful
resolution to end World War I, urged the immediate U.S. entrance into
the war. Four days later, Congress formally declared war against
Germany.
On
This Date In 1917
During World War I, the Allied war against Turkish forces gained
momentum (and ground) in Mesopotamia as British and Indian troops
moved along the Tigris River in early 1917, recapturing the city of
Kut-al-Amara on this day and taking 1,730 Turkish prisoners.
Encouraged by their victory at Kut, the forcees pushed on towards
Baghdad, which would fall on March 11.
On
This Date In 1920
Adolph Hitler, in taking over the German Workers Party propaganda
work, began to take a more prominent role in organization;
consequently, his public speaking began to attract larger audiences.
Hitler began to make the party much more public, and he organized the
party's biggest meeting yet of 2,000 people on February, 24 1920 in
the Staatliches Hofbräuhaus in München. In his speech here, Hitler,
for the first time, enunciated the twenty-five points of the German
Worker's Party's manifesto, giving the organization a much bolder
stratagem with a clear foreign policy (abrogation of Versailles, a
Greater Germany, Eastern expansion, exclusion of Jews from
citizenship). Among his specific points were: confiscation of war
profits, abolition of unearned incomes, the State to share profits of
land, and land for national needs to be taken away without
compensation. The party also added “National Socialist” to its
official name, in order to appeal to both nationalists and
socialists, becoming the National Socialist German Workers' Party
(NSDAP, or Nazis for short), although Hitler earlier suggested the
party to be renamed the “Social Revolutionary Party”; it was
Rudolf Jung who persuaded Hitler to follow the NSDAP naming.
http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/riseofhitler/party.htm
On
This Date In 1938
The entertainment trade newspaper Variety
reported that the film studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) had bought
the rights to adapt L. Frank Baum’s beloved children’s novel The
Wonderful Wizard of Oz
for the screen, and that the studio had cast 16-year-old Judy Garland
in the film’s central role, Dorothy Gale.
On
This Date In 1944
During World War II, Maj. Gen. Frank Merrill's guerrilla force,
nicknamed “Merrill's Marauders,” began a campaign in northern
Burma, which, when done, consisted of five major and 30 minor
engagements with a far more numerous Japanese enemy. When their
mission was completed, all surviving Merrill's Marauders had to be
evacuated to hospitals to be treated for everything from exhaustion
and various tropical diseases to malnutrition or A.O.E.
(“Accumulation of Everything”). They were awarded the
Distinguished Unit Citation in July 1944, which was re-designated the
Presidential Unit Citation in 1966. Every member of the commando
force also received the Bronze Star, a very rare distinction for an
entire unit. Merrill remained in the Far East and was made an aide to
General Stillwell.
On
This Date In 1946
Juan Domingo Peron, the controversial former vice president of
Argentina, was elected president. As president, Peron constructed an
impressive populist alliance, and his vision of self-sufficiency for
Argentina won him wide support. However, he also became increasingly
authoritarian, jailing political opponents and restricting freedom of
the press. In 1952, his greatest political resource, Evita, died, and
support for him dissolved. Three years later, he was ousted in a
military coup.
On
This Date In 1968
During the Vietnam War, the Tet Offensive ended as U.S. and South
Vietnamese troops recaptured the ancient capital of Hue from
communist forces. Although scattered fighting continued across South
Vietnam for another week, the battle for Hue was the last major
engagement of the offensive, which saw communist attacks on all of
South Vietnam's major cities. In the aftermath of Tet, public opinion
in the United States decisively turned against the Vietnam War.
On
This Date In 1969
During the Vietnam War, and after North Vietnamese mortar shells
rocked their Douglas AC-47 gunship, Airman First Class John L.
Levitow threw himself on an activated, smoking magnesium flare,
dragged himself and the flare to the open cargo door, and tossed it
out of the aircraft just before it ignited. For saving his fellow
crewmembers and the gunship, Airman Levitow was later awarded the
Medal of Honor. He was one of only two enlisted airmen to win the
Medal of Honor for service in Vietnam, and was one of only five
enlisted airmen ever to win the medal.
On
This Date In 1975
“Physical Graffiti,” the sixth album by the English rock band Led
Zeppelin, was released. Recording sessions for the album were
initially disrupted when John Paul Jones considered leaving the band.
After reuniting at Headley Grange, the band wrote and recorded eight
songs, the combined length of which stretched the album beyond the
typical length of an LP. This prompted the band to make Physical
Graffiti a double album by including previously unreleased tracks
from earlier recording sessions. Physical
Graffiti
was commercially and critically successful; the album went 16x
platinum (though this signifies shipping of eight million copies, as
it is a double album) in the US alone.
On
This Date In 1982
President Ronald Reagan announced a new program of economic and
military assistance to nations of the Caribbean designed to “prevent
the overthrow of the governments in the region” by the “brutal
and totalitarian” forces of communism. The Caribbean Basin
Initiative (CBI) was part of the Reagan administration's effort to
curb what it perceived to be the dangerous rise in communist activity
in Central America and the Caribbean.
On
This Date In 1982
Hockey prodigy Wayne Gretzky scored his 77th goal, breaking a record
held by Phil Esposito of 76 goals in a single season that was
previously thought unbeatable by many fans.
On
This Date In 1991
British and American armored forces crossed the Iraq/Kuwait border
and entered Iraq in large numbers, taking hundreds of prisoners.
Iraqi resistance was light, and 4 Americans were killed. The U.S. VII
Corps assembled in full strength and, spearheaded by the 3rd Squadron
of the 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment (3/2 ACR), launched an armored
attack into Iraq just to the west of Kuwait, taking Iraqi forces by
surprise. Simultaneously, the U.S. XVIII Airborne Corps launched a
sweeping “left-hook” attack across the largely undefended desert
of southern Iraq, led by the 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment (3rd ACR)
and the 24th Infantry Division (Mechanized). Once the Coalition had
penetrated deep into Iraqi territory, they turned eastward, launching
a flank attack against the elite Republican Guard before it could
escape.
On
This Date In 2007
“Teardrops on My Guitar”, the second single from the Taylor
Swift's eponymous studio album, Taylor
Swift
(2006), was released by Big Machine Records. The song originally made
its peak positions in mid-2007, peaking at #2 on Billboard's Hot
Country Songs chart and #33 on the Billboard Hot 100. The song was
re-released to the Hot 100 and Pop 100 in late 2007 with a pop remix
that brought Teardrops
on My Guitar
to #13 on the Hot 100 and #11 on the Pop 100. The song was later
included on the international release of Swift's second studio album,
Fearless
(2008), and released as the third single from the album in the United
Kingdom.
On
This Date In 2008
The 80th Academy Awards ceremony honoring the best films in 2007 was
broadcast from the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood, California on ABC.
During the ceremony, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
presented Academy Awards (commonly referred to as Oscars) in 24
categories. No
Country for Old Men
dominated the evening by winning four awards out of eight nominations
including Best Picture. For the first time since the 37th Academy
Awards (1964), the Academy presented all four of the acting awards to
non-American actors.
On
This Date In 2008
Raúl Castro was officially elected as President of Cuba by the
National Assembly after Fidel Castro, who was still ailing, announced
his intention not to stand for president again on February 19, 2008.
On
This Date In 2009
US Senator Dick Durbin joined Illinois Governor Pat Quinn and others
in asking Roland Burris, the junior senator from Illinois appointed
by the former and impeached Gov. Rod Blagojevich, to resign. But
Burris, after acknowledging that he had tried to raise campaign money
for the governor, told the senior senator from Illinois and No. 2
Democratic leader in the Senate that he would not resign.
http://www.swamppolitics.com/news/politics/blog/2009/02/burris_back_in_senate_mum_on_2.html
On
This Date In 2010
A killer whale killed veteran SeaWorld trainer Dawn Brancheau, age
40, at SeaWorld's Shamu Stadium in Orlando, Florida, during a show at
the park in front of a large crowd.
http://edition.cnn.com/2010/US/02/24/killer.whale.trainer.death/index.html
;
http://www.nationalledger.com/politics-crime/seaworld-trainer-autopsy-relea-984062.shtml
Hat
tip to any included contributing sources, along with:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
, http://www.-history.com/this-day-in-history
, http://timelines.com/
Happy
Birthday
Abe Vigoda (1921), Steven Hill (1922), Terry Semel (1943), Barry
Bostwick (1945), Edward James Olmos (1947), Debra Jo Rupp (1951),
Helen Shaver (1951), Paula Zahn (1956), Phil McConkey (1957), Mark
Moses (1958), Beth Broderick (1959), Teri Weigel (1962), Billy Zane
(1966), and Manon Rheaume (1972).
RIP
Thomas
Newcomen (1664 – 1729), General John Burgoyne (1722 – 1792),
Marjorie Main (1890 – 1975), Al Lettieri (1928 – 1975), John
Vernon (1932 – 2005), James Farentino (1938 – 2012), and Steve
Jobs (1955 – 2011).
Quotes
Teaching is more than imparting
knowledge, it is inspiring change. Learning is more than absorbing
facts, it is acquiring understanding. William Arthur Ward
Committing a great truth to memory is
admirable; committing it to life is wisdom. William Arthur Ward
Have the courage to say no. Have the
courage to face the truth. Do the right thing because it is right.
These are the magic keys to living your life with integrity. W.
Clement Stone
During times of universal deceit,
telling the truth becomes a revolutionary act. George Orwell
An error does not become truth by
reason of multiplied propagation, nor does truth become error because
nobody sees it. Mahatma Ghandi
The ideals which have lighted my way,
and time after time have given me new courage to face life cheerfully
have been kindness, beauty, and truth. Albert Einstein
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The United States Navy Band Commodores
jazz ensemble performs "A Dorham Ajar," by Chief Musician
Rob Holmes, at the 35th International Saxophone Symposium on Jan. 21,
2012.
Fireman Joubert talks about the
singularity of the ceremonial guard drill team, no matter the
background of the individual team members. Produced by Defense Media
Activity, Navy
But
innovation comes from people meeting up in the hallways or calling
each other at 10:30 at night with a new idea, or because they
realized something that shoots holes in how we’ve been thinking
about a problem. It’s ad hoc meetings of six people called by
someone who thinks he has figured out the coolest new thing ever and
who wants to know what other people think of his idea.
Steve
Jobs
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